1
CM-001
Hominin Evolution
Fossils, artifacts, dates, proteins, and genomes reveal multiple hominin lineages that overlapped, adapted, and sometimes exchanged genes.
Evidence first · Human origins · Alternative claims
Human origins and evidence boundaries
Move from early Homo sapiens evidence through migration models and into claims that require a higher evidence bar.
Path progress0 of 7 stops completed
2
CM-006
Jebel Irhoud
Fossils and Middle Stone Age artifacts from Jebel Irhoud occur in a context dated to about 315,000 years ago. The fossils combine modern-looking facial, mandibular, and dental traits with a more elongated, less globular braincase.
3
CM-007
Out of Africa Theory
Fossils, archaeology, modern genetic diversity, and ancient DNA converge on an African origin for Homo sapiens and a Late Pleistocene expansion ancestral to most living non-Africans. Earlier exits occurred, and expanding populations mixed with Neanderthals and Denisovans.
4
CM-008
Forbidden Archaeology
Michael Cremo and Richard L. Thompson assembled old anomaly reports, disputed objects, and criticism of scientific gatekeeping into an argument for extreme human antiquity. Most cited cases lack the secure context, dating, identification, replication, and independent confirmation needed to overturn the established Homo sapiens timeline.
5
CM-010
Ancient Pre-Human Civilization Theory
The strongest version asks what geological traces an industrial society might leave after millions of years. It does not report a discovery. No accepted pre-human artifact assemblage, industrial stratum, city, mine, synthetic residue, writing system, or biological maker currently demonstrates such a civilization.
6
CM-009
Silurian Hypothesis
Schmidt and Frank's 2018 thought experiment uses the incomplete geological record and the modern industrial imprint as a way to define possible deep-time technosignatures and the evidence standard needed to distinguish them from natural events.
7
CM-011
Panspermia
Panspermia is a family of hypotheses, not one claim. Evidence is strong for extraterrestrial delivery of prebiotic ingredients, weaker for viable microbes surviving a complete planetary transfer, and absent for intentional alien seeding of Earth.